The authors summarized seven earlier studies that found one-third to four-fifths of attempts were impulsive. An Australian study of emergency department visits found 40% of attempters took action within 5 minutes of deciding to attempt ( Williams 1980).48% said within 10 minutes of making the attempt. A study from Deisenhammer asked people who were seen in a hospital following a suicide attempt how long before their suicidal act they first started thinking about attempting it.They were asked: “How much time passed between the time you decided to complete suicide and when you actually attempted suicide?” One in four deliberated for less than 5 minutes! ( Simon 2005).
Survivors of these attempts were thought to be more like suicide completers due to the medical severity of their injuries or the lethality of the methods used. The Houston study interviewed 153 survivors of nearly-lethal suicide attempts, ages 13-34.Chronic, underlying risk factors such as substance abuse and depression are also often present, but the acute period of heightened risk for suicidal behavior is often only minutes or hours long ( Hawton 2007).
While some suicides are deliberative and involve careful planning, many appear to have been hastily decided-upon and to involve little or no planning.
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